"Some 100 years back, we learned the hard lessons of ionizing radiation and the need for strict health protections – now we must openly face the possibility that we must take a seat in life’s school and learn again. This time it is about non-ionizing radiation."
-Dr. Olle Johansson
On December 8, 2015 Dr. Olle Johansson wrote MCPS about MCPS' assessment of radio-frequency radiation in school classrooms. Dr. Johansson called on on MCPS to "reconsider" it's "shortsighted designation" and consider the scientific research showing "wireless systems, such as Wi-Fi routers or cell towers, and their electromagnetic fields, can not be regarded as safe in schools, but must be deemed highly hazardous and unsafe for the children as well as for the staff."
Dear Madame or Sir,
My name is Olle Johansson, and
I am an associate professor, heading the Experimental Dermatology
Unit at Sweden’s Karolinska Institute in the Department of Neuroscience. I
understand you have recently made public pronouncements regarding the safety of
Wi-Fi. As a neuroscientist who has been studying the biophysical and
epidemiological effects of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) for over 30 years, I
believe this designation is short-sighted.
Wireless communication is now being
implemented in our daily life in a very fast way. At the same time, it is
becoming more and more obvious that the exposure to electromagnetic fields not
only may induce acute thermal effects to living organisms, but also non-thermal
effects, the latter often after longer exposures. This has been demonstrated in
a very large number of non-ionizing radiation studies and includes cellular
DNA-damage, disruptions and alterations of cellular functions like increases in
intracellular stimulatory pathways and calcium handling, disruption of tissue
structures like the blood-brain barrier, impact on vessel and immune functions,
and loss of fertility. Whereas scientists can observe and reproduce these
effects in controlled laboratory experiments, epidemiological and ecological
data derived from long-term exposures in well-designed case-control studies
reflect this link all the way from molecular and cellular effects to the living
organism up to the induction and proliferation of diseases observed in humans.
It should be noted that we are not the only species at jeopardy; practically
all animals, plants and bacteria may be at stake. Although epidemiological and
ecological investigations as such never demonstrate causative effects, due to
the vast number of confounders, they confirm the relevance of the controlled
observations in the laboratories.
Many times since the early 1980s I have
pointed out that the public’s usage of cell phones has become the
largest full-scale biological and medical experiment ever with mankind, and I
was also the first person to firmly point out that this involuntary exposure
violates the Nuremberg Code's principles for human experimentation,
which clearly states that voluntary consent of human subjects is
absolutely essential. Among many effects seen, the very serious one
is the deterioration of the genome. Such an effect - if seen in a food item
under development or in a potential pharmaceutical drug - immediately would
completely ban it from further marketing and sale; genotoxic effects are not to
be allowed or spread. For these reasons above, we, scientists, can not
accept that children undergo an enormous health risk for their present and
future, by being exposed to WI-FI in kindergartens or schools (even if the
WI-FI masts/routers are not in the children's classroom). The precautionary
principle has to be respected. Furthermore, when men place cell phones in
their front pocket, or laptops on their laps, it should be noted that
experimental studies have demonstrated that after similar exposures there is a
decrease in sperm count as well as in the quality of sperm, which is a
phenomenon that could affect society’s overall ability to procreate in the
future. Experiments in mice point to that it may be true already in 5
generations time.
Many other states including France,
Russia, Israel and Germany, have employed various precautionary steps and their
responses (including labelling cell phones and other transmitting devices with
SAR ratings, discouraging the use of cell phones and other wireless gadgets by
children, warning parents of the risks, and removing or restricting WiFi in
schools and replacing it with hard-wired ethernet) as a result of the WHO/IARC classification of
radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation in 2011 as a Class 2B carcinogen as
well as the earlier classification of power-frequent magnetic fields in
2001 also as a Class 2B carcinogen, the information summarized in the
Bioinitiative Reports of 2007 and 2012, and the other considerable
international and independent research and reviews, that show adverse
biological effects from electromagnetic fields, including heart palpitations,
headaches, skin rashes, damage to DNA, mental health effects, impaired
concentration, decreased problem-solving capacity,
electrohypersensitivity, etc., are about to set a new standard for educational
quality with due respect to children's and staff's health.
In the case of "protection from
exposure to electromagnetic fields", it is thus of paramount importance to
act from a prudence avoidance/precautionary principle point of view. Anything
else would be highly hazardous. Total transparency of information is the key
sentence here, as I believe the public does not appreciate having the complete
truth revealed years after a certain catastrophe already has taken
place. For instance, it shall be noted, that today's recommended values
for wireless systems, such as the SAR-values, are just recommenda-tions, and
not safety levels. Since scientists observe biological effects at as low
as 20 microWatts/kg, can it truly be stated that it is safe to allow
irradiation of humans at SAR 2 W/kg, or at 100,000 times stronger levels of radiation?
IMBALANCED REPORTING
Another misunderstanding is the use
of scientific publications (as the tobacco industry did for many years) as
'weights' to balance each other. But one can NEVER balance a report showing a
negative health effect with one showing no effect. This is a misunderstanding
which, unfortunately, is very often used both by the industrial representatives
as well as official authorities to the detriment of the general public. True
balance would be reports showing negative health effects against exact replications showing no or
positive effects. However, this is not what the public has been led to
believe.
NEED FOR INDEPENDENT RESEARCH
In many commentaries, debate
articles and public lectures - for the last 20-30 years – I have urged that
completely independent research projects must be inaugurated immediately to
ensure our public health. These projects must be entirely independent of all
types of commercial interests; public health can not have a price-tag! It is
also of paramount importance that scientists involved in such projects must be
free of any carrier considerations and that the funding needed is covered to
100%, not 99% or less. This is the clear responsibility of the democratically
elected body of every country.
WHO/INTERNATIONAL AGENCY FOR
RESEARCH ON CANCER (IARC), 2011
Very recently (in
Lyon, France, May 31, 2011) the WHO/International Agency
for Research on Cancer (IARC) has classified radiofrequency electromagnetic
fields as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B), based
on an increased risk for glioma, a malignant type of brain cancer. This should
be added to the previous (2001) 2B classification of power-frequent (ELF)
electromagnetic fields – emitted at high levels from handheld gadgets, such as
eReaders and mobile phones – as a risk factor for childhood leukemia. Given the
2001 very close votes (9 to 11) for moving it to 2A and all the new knowledge
that has accumulated since 2001, today the association between childhood
leukemia and power-frequent (ELF) electromagnetic fields would definitely be
signed into the much more serious 2A (“probably carcinogenic”) category. So,
the ‘red flag’ is – unfortunately – flying very high.
INVOLUNTARY EXPOSURE
According to Article 24 of the
UNICEF’s Child Convention “children have the right to … a clean and safe
environment, and information to help them stay healthy”. We must all ensure
that this article never is violated. This is about our social responsibility,
and is very much a public health issue.
In summary, electromagnetic fields may
be among the most serious and overlooked health issues today, and having these
fields checked and reduced/removed from schools and kindergardens may be
essential for health protection and restoration, and is a must for persons with
the functional impairment electrohypersensitivity as for children who are more
fragile (cf. Belyaev I, Dean A, Eger H, Hubmann G, Jandrisovits R, Johansson O,
Kern M, Kundi M, Lercher P, Mosgöller W, Moshammer H, Müller K, Oberfeld G,
Ohnsorge P, Pelzmann P, Scheingraber C, Thill R, "EUROPAEM EMF Guideline
2015 for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of EMF-related health problems
and illnesses", Rev Environ Health 2015; 30: 337–371). In
addition, as recently discussed in a think-tank group here in Stockholm,
it is very important to constantly educate oneself and participate in the
general debate and public discussions to keep the information build-up active.
Thus, it is of paramount importance to keep the "kettle boiling",
never blindly trusting or accepting given 'facts', but only read and think for
yourself and for your loved ones. Only so you can arrive at a genuinely working
precautionary principle.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, wireless
systems, such as Wi-Fi routers or cell towers, and their electromagnetic
fields, can not be regarded as safe in schools, but must be deemed highly
hazardous and unsafe for the children as well as for the staff.
I encourage governments and local
health and educational bodies to adopt a framework of guidelines for public and
occupational EMF exposure that reflect the Precautionary Principle. As noted,
the Precautionary Principle states when there are indications of possible
adverse effects, though they remain uncertain, the risks from doing nothing may
be far greater than the risks of taking action to control these exposures. The
Precautionary Principle shifts the burden of proof from those suspecting a risk
to those who discount it — as some nations have already done. Precautionary
strategies should be based on design and performance standards and may not
necessarily define numerical thresholds because such thresholds may erroneously
be interpreted as levels below which no adverse effect can occur.
Some 100 years back, we learned the
hard lessons of ionizing radiation and the need for strict health protections –
now we must openly face the possibility that we must take a seat in life’s
school and learn again. This time it is about non-ionizing radiation.
Based on
all of the above, I strongly urge you to reconsider your public stance on the
safety of Wi-Fi, cell towers, and similar systems in schools as their non-ionizing radiation emissions very likely are hazardous and
unsafe for students, staff and teachers.
With my very best regards
Yours sincerely
Olle Johansson
(Olle Johansson, associate professor
The Experimental Dermatology Unit
Department of Neuroscience
Karolinska Institute
171 77 Stockholm
Sweden)
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